What is Delta 8 THC

Delta-8: Everything You Need to Know About This Cannabinoid

Delta-8 is a cannabinoid that has been gaining popularity in the cannabis market. Delta-8 is a form of THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis, but it has some unique properties that make it different from the more common delta-9 THC. In this article, we will cover everything you need to know about delta-8, including what it is, what it does, how much THC it contains, where to buy it, how it is made, and how it compares to delta-9 THC.

Key Takeaways

• Delta-8 is a cannabinoid that is derived from hemp or cannabis plants and has a similar chemical structure to delta-9 THC, but with a slight difference that makes it less potent and more stable.
• Delta-8 interacts with the endocannabinoid system in the body and may produce effects such as euphoria, relaxation, pain relief, appetite stimulation, anti-nausea, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
• Delta-8 is available for sale in some states, depending on the legal status of THC and hemp, and can be found in various forms such as oils, tinctures, edibles, vapes, cartridges, and flowers.
• Delta-8 is legal in some states because it is derived from hemp, which is federally legal under the 2018 Farm Bill, but it is still considered a controlled substance by the DEA and may be illegal in some states that have strict laws on THC.
• Delta-8 is made by converting CBD or delta-9 THC into delta-8 THC using isomerization, distillation, and chromatography, which may affect the quality and purity of the final product.
• Delta-8 differs from delta-9 THC in terms of its psychoactive effects, potency, and legality, and may have some advantages and disadvantages depending on the user's preferences and needs.

What is Delta 8 THC?

Delta-8, categorized as a cannabinoid, is a compound present in hemp and cannabis plants, engaging with the body's endocannabinoid system responsible for regulating mood, appetite, pain, inflammation, and memory. The intake of cannabinoids from external sources, like hemp or cannabis, influences this system.

Distinguishing itself as a form of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the most recognized cannabinoid in cannabis, delta-8 produces psychoactive effects, commonly known as the "high." Not to be confused with delta-9 THC, which is more familiar, delta-8 shares the same chemical formula but differs in molecular structure due to a double bond's position in their carbon atoms.

This subtle distinction, with the double bond on the eighth carbon atom for delta-8 and the ninth for delta-9, significantly influences how these molecules interact with endocannabinoid receptors, shaping their effects. Delta-8, less potent than delta-9 THC, exhibits a weaker affinity for CB1 receptors in the brain, responsible for THC's psychoactive effects, and a stronger affinity for CB2 receptors in the immune system, associated with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. Consequently, delta-8 may offer a milder high and potentially enhanced therapeutic benefits.

Furthermore, delta-8 boasts more excellent stability than delta-9 THC, exhibiting slower degradation and oxidation and a longer shelf life. It is also associated with a reduced likelihood of inducing anxiety or paranoia, typical side effects of delta-9 THC, especially in high doses or sensitive users. Additionally, delta-8 may have a lower tolerance threshold, eliminating the need for escalating doses over time to achieve the desired effects.

While not naturally occurring in hemp or cannabis plants, delta-8 can be derived through various methods, such as extraction from plants containing trace amounts of delta-8, synthesis from more abundant cannabinoids like CBD or delta-9 THC, or conversion from delta-9 THC through isomerization. However, the methods employed for delta-8 production may impact the quality and purity of the final product, posing challenges and risks for both consumers and producers, which will be explored in subsequent sections.

How Much THC is in Delta-8?

One of the questions that many people have about delta-8 is how much THC it contains and how it affects the user's drug test results. Delta-8 is a form of THC, so it does contain THC, but the amount and the type of THC may vary depending on the source, extraction method, and quality control of the delta-8 product.

Delta-8 products can be derived from hemp or cannabis plants, which have different legal definitions and THC limits in the United States. Hemp is defined as a cannabis plant that contains no more than 0.3% of delta-9 THC on a dry-weight basis, while cannabis is defined as a cannabis plant that has more than 0.3% of delta-9 THC on a dry-weight basis. Hemp is federally legal under the 2018 Farm Bill, while cannabis is federally illegal under the Controlled Substances Act, but some states have legalized cannabis for medical or recreational use.

Delta-8 products can also be extracted from CBD or delta-9 THC, which are more abundant cannabinoids in hemp or cannabis plants. CBD is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid is a psychoactive cannabinoid that causes the high that is associated with cannabis use. Still, it can also be converted into delta-8 THC through a process called isomerization.

Therefore, the amount and the type of THC in delta-8 products may depend on the source, extraction method, and quality control of the delta-8 product. Some delta-8 products may contain only delta-8 THC, while others may have a mixture of delta-8 THC, delta-9 THC, CBD, and other cannabinoids and terpenes. Some delta-8 products may also contain impurities, contaminants, or additives, such as solvents, acids, or metals, that may affect the quality and safety of the product.

The concentration and purity of delta-8 products can be measured by lab testing, which can provide information such as the cannabinoid profile, the potency, the terpene profile, and the presence of harmful substances. Lab testing can also verify the accuracy and validity of the product's label and claims. However, not all delta-8 products are lab tested or have their lab results available to the consumers, which may pose some risks and challenges for the consumers and producers.

The amount and the type of THC in delta-8 products may also affect the user's drug test results, which are usually designed to detect the presence of delta-9 THC or its metabolites in the user's urine, blood, saliva, or hair. Delta-8 THC may also produce similar metabolites as delta-9 THC and may trigger a positive result on a drug test, especially if the user consumes a high dose or a frequent dose of delta-8. Therefore, delta-8 users should be aware of the potential consequences of using delta-8 and should consult with their doctor or employer before using delta-8, especially if they are subject to drug testing.

The standard dose and recommended intake of delta-8 may vary depending on the user's factors, such as their body weight, metabolism, tolerance, and sensitivity, as well as the product's factors, such as the form, the potency, and the quality. Generally, delta-8 users should start with a low dose, such as 5 to 10 mg, and wait for at least an hour to feel the effects before increasing the dose gradually, if needed. Delta-8 users should also monitor their reactions and adjust their dose accordingly to avoid any unwanted effects or adverse reactions. Delta-8 users should also follow the instructions and warnings on the product's label and consult with their doctor before using delta-8, especially if they have any medical conditions or are taking any medications.

Where Is Delta 8 THC Available for Sale?

Delta-8 THC is a relatively new and emerging product in the cannabis market. As such, its availability and accessibility are not as widespread as other cannabinoids, such as CBD or delta-9 THC. However, delta-8 THC is still legal in most states as long as it meets specific criteria and regulations.

The legal status of delta-8 THC is primarily determined by the 2018 Farm Bill, which legalized hemp and hemp-derived products at the federal level as long as they contain less than 0.3% delta-9 THC. Hemp is a variety of cannabis that has low levels of delta-9 THC and high levels of CBD and is used for industrial and medicinal purposes. Delta-8 THC can be extracted and derived from hemp and, therefore, can be considered legal under the 2018 Farm Bill.

However, the legal status of delta-8 THC is not so clear-cut and straightforward, as there are some nuances and complexities involved. For one thing, delta-8 THC is not naturally abundant in hemp and, therefore, requires a synthetic modification to convert CBD or other cannabinoids into delta-8 THC. This process may involve the use of chemicals and solvents, which may make delta-8 THC illegal under federal law, as the DEA and the FDA have not approved or regulated any synthetic cannabinoids.

Another issue is that the legal status of delta-8 THC may vary by state and local laws, which may be more restrictive or lenient than federal law. Some states, such as Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Iowa, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Rhode Island, Utah, and Vermont, have explicitly banned or restricted delta-8 THC, regardless of its source or concentration. Other states, such as California, Oregon, Washington, and Michigan, have legalized recreational marijuana and, therefore, allow delta-8 THC as long as it is sold and taxed by licensed dispensaries. The rest of the states have varying degrees of legality and regulation of delta-8 THC, depending on their medical marijuana and hemp laws.

Therefore, it is essential to check the laws and regulations of your state and locality before buying or using delta-8 THC, as they may change over time and differ from the federal rule. It is also advisable to consult a lawyer or a legal expert if you have any doubts or questions about the legality of delta-8 THC.

Delta-8 THC is available for sale online and in some stores, but the quality and safety of the products vary widely. There is a lack of regulation and quality control of delta-8 THC products, and therefore, there is a potential for contamination, mislabeling, and false claims. Some delta-8 THC products may contain more than 0.3% delta-9 THC, which may make them illegal and cause a positive drug test. Some delta-8 THC products may also contain harmful chemicals and solvents, which may pose health risks and cause adverse effects.

Therefore, looking for reputable and reliable delta-8 THC vendors who provide lab testing, certificates of analysis, and customer reviews is essential. Lab testing is a process of verifying the potency, purity, and safety of delta-8 THC products by using independent and accredited laboratories. Certificates of analysis are documents that show the lab testing results and include information such as the cannabinoid profile, the terpene profile, and any contaminants or solvents. Customer reviews are feedback and testimonials from previous or current users of delta-8 THC products and can provide insight into the products' quality, effectiveness, and satisfaction.

Some of the criteria to evaluate the quality and safety of delta-8 THC products are:

• The source and extraction method of delta-8 THC
• The ingredients and additives of delta-8 THC products
• The potency and dosage of delta-8 THC products
• The lab testing and certificates of analysis of delta-8 THC products
• The reviews and ratings of delta-8 THC products

Some of the most popular and trusted delta-8 THC brands and products are:

• 3Chi: A pioneer and leader in the delta-8 THC industry, 3Chi offers a variety of high-quality and lab-tested delta-8 THC products, such as oils, tinctures, edibles, vapes, and flowers. 3Chi uses organic and natural ingredients and provides detailed product information and transparency. 
• Moonwlkr: A premium and innovative delta-8 THC brand, Moonwlkr offers a range of delicious and potent delta-8 THC products, such as gummies, vapes, and softgels. Moonwlkr uses hemp-derived and vegan ingredients and provides lab testing and certificates of analysis for its products. 
• Delta Effex: A reputable and reliable delta-8 THC brand, Delta Effex offers flavorful and effective delta-8 THC products, such as oils, tinctures, edibles, vapes, and flowers. Delta Effex uses hemp-derived and natural ingredients and provides lab testing and certificates of analysis for its products.

Why Is Delta-8 THC Legal?

Delta-8 THC is a controversial and complex product in the cannabis industry. As such, its legality and regulation are not as clear and straightforward as other cannabinoids, such as CBD or delta-9 THC. There are many legal arguments and controversies surrounding delta-8 THC and how it relates to the Controlled Substances Act, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the Food and Drug Administration.

The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is a federal law that classifies and regulates drugs and substances based on their potential for abuse, medical value, and safety. The CSA divides drugs and substances into five schedules, from Schedule I to Schedule V, with Schedule I being the most restrictive and Schedule V being the least restrictive. Schedule I drugs and substances are considered to have no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse and are, therefore, illegal to produce, possess, or use. Schedule II to V drugs and substances are considered to have some accepted medical use and a lower potential for abuse and are, therefore, legal to produce, possess, or use with a prescription or a license.

Delta-9 THC is classified as a Schedule I drug under the CSA and, therefore, is illegal at the federal level. However, the 2018 Farm Bill created an exception for hemp and hemp-derived products, which are defined as cannabis plants and products that contain less than 0.3% delta-9 THC. The 2018 Farm Bill removed hemp and hemp-derived products from the CSA. He transferred their authority and regulation to the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) and the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).

Delta-8 THC is not explicitly mentioned or defined in the CSA or the 2018 Farm Bill, and therefore, its legal status is ambiguous and uncertain. Delta-8 THC can be derived from hemp and, therefore, can be considered legal under the 2018 Farm Bill as long as it contains less than 0.3% delta-9 THC. However, delta-8 THC can also be synthetically modified from other cannabinoids, such as CBD or delta-9 THC, and therefore, can be considered illegal under the CSA, as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) and the FDA have not approved or regulated any synthetic cannabinoids.

The DEA and the FDA are federal agencies that enforce and regulate the CSA and the 2018 Farm Bill, respectively. The DEA is responsible for preventing and prosecuting the illegal production, distribution, and use of controlled substances, such as delta-9 THC. The FDA ensures the safety, efficacy, and quality of food, drugs, and dietary supplements, such as hemp and hemp-derived products.

The DEA and the FDA have not issued any official regulations or guidance on delta-8 THC and, therefore, have left a legal gray area and a loophole for delta-8 THC producers, distributors, and consumers. However, the DEA and the FDA have indicated that they are aware of and concerned about delta-8 THC and that they may take action against it in the future.

In August 2020, the DEA published an interim final rule (IFR) that clarified the implementation of the 2018 Farm Bill and stated that all synthetically derived tetrahydrocannabinol remain Schedule I controlled substances, regardless of their source or concentration. The IFR also noted that the definition of hemp does not automatically exempt any product that contains delta-9 THC or any other controlled substance. The IFR implied that delta-8 THC may be considered a synthetically derived tetrahydrocannabinol and, therefore, a Schedule I controlled substance, regardless of its source or concentration. The IFR sparked a lot of criticism and controversy from the hemp and cannabis industry and community, and several lawsuits and petitions were filed against it, challenging its validity and legality.

In April 2021, the FDA issued a consumer update that warned about the potential risks and dangers of delta-8 THC and stated that the FDA has not evaluated or approved any delta-8 THC products for safety or effectiveness. The FDA also noted that the FDA does not have enough data to determine whether delta-8 THC has any beneficial medical effects and that the FDA is concerned about the proliferation and marketing of delta-8 THC products that may put public health at risk. The FDA advised consumers to be cautious and vigilant when buying or using delta-8 THC products and to report any adverse events or reactions to the FDA.

Therefore, the legal status of delta-8 THC still needs to be clarified and may change in the future, as the DEA and the FDA may issue more regulations or guidance on it or as the courts may rule on the pending lawsuits and petitions against it. It is essential to stay informed and updated on the legal developments and changes of delta-8 THC and to comply with the federal, state, and local laws and regulations of delta-8 THC. It is also advisable to consult a lawyer or a legal expert if you have any doubts or questions about the legality of delta-8 THC.

How Is Delta-8 THC Made?

Delta-8 THC is a minor cannabinoid that occurs naturally in hemp and cannabis plants but in deficient concentrations. Therefore, it is not easy or economical to extract and isolate delta-8 THC from the plant material; instead, it is usually made by converting and synthesizing it from other cannabinoids, such as CBD or delta-9 THC. The process and methods of making delta-8 THC are complex, require specialized equipment and expertise, and may involve the use of various chemicals and solvents.

The most common and widely used method of making delta-8 THC is by using an acid catalyst to convert CBD into delta-8 THC. CBD, or cannabidiol, is another cannabinoid that is abundant and legal in hemp and has many health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, and anti-epileptic effects. However, CBD does not have any psychoactive effects, and therefore, some users may prefer to use delta-8 THC instead for its mild euphoria and relaxation effects.

The conversion of CBD into delta-8 THC involves the following steps:

• First, CBD is extracted from hemp using a solvent, such as ethanol, CO2, or hydrocarbon, and then purified and isolated using chromatography, which separates the different components of the extract based on their molecular size and polarity.
• Second, CBD is dissolved in a solvent, such as a heptane, and then mixed with an acid catalyst, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, or sulfuric acid, which initiates a chemical reaction that rearranges the molecules and changes the position of the double bond in the carbon chain.
• Third, the mixture is heated and stirred for several hours until the reaction is complete and the desired amount of delta-8 THC is produced. The reaction can be monitored and controlled using a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate, showing the product's progress and purity.
• Fourth, the mixture is neutralized and washed with a base, such as sodium bicarbonate, and then filtered and evaporated to remove the solvent and the acid catalyst, leaving behind a crude delta-8 THC oil, which can be further refined and purified using a process called distillation, which separates the different components of the oil based on their boiling points and volatility.
• Fifth, the final delta-8 THC oil is tested and analyzed using a device called a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) machine, which measures the potency, purity, and safety of the product and provides a certificate of analysis that shows the cannabinoid profile, the terpene profile, and the presence of any contaminants or solvents.

The conversion of CBD into delta-8 THC can produce different types and forms of Delta-8 THC products, such as oils, tinctures, edibles, vapes, and flowers, depending on the ingredients and additives that are used. Also, read our same article about what Delta 9 is.